Flesh tone is one of the most difficult color to mix. There are commerically available colors for it, but they tend to be too pinkish. I always mix my own flesh tones because I can have complete control, but it has taken me a very long time to know what I'm doing. Different techniques also call for different mixtures.
My goal in painting flesh is so that all the color makes gradual transitions over to another (just like a real human being), and prevent areas where you can tell immediately that a different color has been painted on.
A. Mixing flesh tones - I mix 3 different colors for fleshtones:
basic, highest highlight and deepest shadow colors.over the Here are some receipes that I have used before:
- With artist acrylics, the David Fisher formula
is burnt sienna, raw sienna and titanium white, about 1:2:4 in his video. I
found his mixture too red and dark, and 1:3:6 is about right for figures of
real people but still too dark for anime figures. I use this mixture for doing
shadows for anime figures. For anime basic flesh tone I mix apricot (a pinkish
fleshtone), white and yellow ochre, approximately 1:4:1, if the mixture is too
pink cadmium yellow medium is added. For highlights, more white and a little
bit of cadmium yellow medium is added to the mixture.
- With model paints such as Mr.Color, I'm using Gunze yellow orange (#58) and red(#3) and sky
blue(#34) and Mr. Base white to mix the flesh. The exact ratio again is eyeball,
a start would be 8:1:1:a whole lot, but it depends on what you want to achieve.
I tend to use a redder/pinker flesh for anime characters and a darker/bluer
mixture for life subjects. Gunze's red is very strong so it should be added
very carefully (or use pink). I actually mix big pots of flesh tones by adding colors to a
jar of Mr. Base White. For the shadow color I mix to the original flesh pot red brown (#?) and more
yellow orange to cancel out the red.
Try to mix & paint skin tone in broad daylight.
Under artificial lighting, the mixture will come out with a wrong color (even
with color-corrected lightbulbs), and your shading will be off because artificial
light sources tends to cause less contrast than it actually is.
Disclaimer: The ratios and colors are just for reference only.
It really helps if you get a picture of the skin tone you want and mix according
to it. Also I have different fleshtones for my figures at different times, and
I'm still experimenting with various mixtures.
B. Airbrushing -
Approach 1:
using the basic flesh tone I airbrush in all
areas, more colors for shadow areas and less for highlights. Then grab the shadow
flesh tone and airbrush in the shadow areas. Then I lightly mist the basic flesh
tone over the shadow to blend in the shadow colors. I only do this when I think
the shadow looks too dark and out of place. Then airbrush in highlight fleshtone
for the highlights. It helps to locate these areas if you study pictures of
people, and know the stop-sign
rule (from Shep Paine's scale figure book) of how lighting interacts with colors.
Finally, I've heard good things about Badger freak-flex premixed flesh colors
but haven't tried it, you can read more about it from Jerry's
page.
Approach 2: The problem with the
method above is if you screw up (which happens to me often), fixing is not trivial
because you cannot cover up your mistake. When you airbrush, the underlying
color will show through the top color giving a sense of transparency. But to
re-achieve this effect after a screw up tends to be very difficult. So what
I do now is to airbursh the base flesh tone all over and make sure it uniformlly
and opaquely covers the entire kit. This way, when you screwed up you can wipe
out the mistake with the basic fleshtone and redo the area. Then I do the shadows
and highlights as usual. I use very thin paints for shadows and highlights so
that I can achieve a lot of gradation. Low pressure (~5psi) and thin paint allows
you to draw very fine lines. I also generate more contrast than needed at this
point. Finally I bind all the colors together. At this point you can decide
whether you want a light or dark overall fleshtone by misting a mixture of the
basic and shadow fleshtone. I keep on misting until there are no drastic transitions
in color on the kit, which I consider very important in female skin color.
C. Oil painting - see the oil section for tools and general info.
Skintone Colors: I usually use
only titanium white (highlights), mars brown (shadow), naples yellow light
(basic flesh tone), burnt umber (deep shadow), yellow ochre (mix with shadow
colors to "smooth" out the color), napthol red (blushes, lips)
Mixing: I use naples yellow light as the basic flesh tone, mix in titanium
white for high highlights and mars brown for deep shadows. I also sometimes
use burnt umber in place of mars brown for very natural shadows. For blushes
a mixture of red, white and naples yellow light is used; some mars brown are
added for a deeper red.
D. References: Shep Paine's Kalmbach book on how to make scale
model figures is great, I learnt most of my techniques from it, and made my
own modifications. I was interested in using oil from reading Gremlin's how-to
article on oils.
I think I spent a lot more time doing flesh tones than other people, but hey,
painting flesh is really the only reason I got into the hobby in the first
place
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